Black Widow (Latrodectus)

More Spider Resources False Widow Spider Hobo Spider Types of Spiders

Most people refer to the species in the genus Latrodectus as black widow spiders or widow spiders.

Along with the recluse spider and hobo spider, Latrodectus species are considered spiders of medical importance in the United States.

The bite of the female contains a neurotoxin that can cause severe health problems, and at the extreme end, death. Symptoms appear about an hour after the initial bite and can include nausea, shortness of breath and chest or abdominal pains. Anyone suspected of being bitten should immediately seek medical attention.

Latrodectus species typically live in and around residential areas, predominantly in the southern half of the United States. Any corner of a wood pile or basement or porch is sufficient space for the female to build a tangled looking, untidy web. With legs extended, they can measure up to an inch and one-half in length.

Most females can be identified by their dark black bodies and red hour glass marking on the underside of the abdomen. Brown widow spiders (Latrodectus geometricus), are the exception, with a brown body and the red hourglass markings.

© 2008-2009. Patricia A. Michaels